What is Escitalopram?
Exploring Lexapro: Understanding Its Adverse Reactions, Proper Dose, Alternative Medications, Applications, and More
Escitalopram is a prescription medication sold under the brand name Lexapro. It's typically used to manage the following conditions in adults:
- Major Depressive Disorder, also known as depression
- Generalized Anxiety Disorder
The drug is authorized for treating depression in kids aged 12 years and above.
Medication Specifics
Escitalopram falls under the class of antidepressants, specifically selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). The active substance in it is escitalopram.
Escitalopram comes in oral tablet versions with the following strengths: 5 milligrams (mg), 10 mg, and 20 mg.
Efficiency
For more insights on Escitalopram's effectiveness, check out the "Escitalopram uses" section below.
Escitalopram Generic
Escitalopram is a brand-name drug with the active component escitalopram. This active compound is also available as a generic medication. A generic drug is an identical replica of the active substance found in a brand-name medication.
The generic version of Escitalopram is considered safe and effective as its original counterpart. Generics are typically cheaper than brand-name drugs.
If you're interested in taking the generic version of Escitalopram, consult your doctor. They can inform you if it's available in forms and strengths suitable for your condition.
Escitalopram Side Effects
Escitalopram might cause mild or severe side effects. Here's a list of some key side effects that might occur when using Escitalopram. Remember, this isn't an exhaustive list.
For a more detailed understanding of possible Escitalopram side effects, consult with your doctor or pharmacist. They can provide advice on managing side effects that might be concerning or bothersome.
Note: The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) monitors side effects of approved drugs. If you wish to report a side effect experienced with Escitalopram, you can do so through MedWatch.
Mild Side Effects
Below is a partial list of mild side effects of Escitalopram. To learn about other mild side effects, discuss with your doctor or pharmacist, or review Escitalopram's prescribing information.
Mild side effects of Escitalopram can include:
- sexual side effects, such as delayed ejaculation, erectile dysfunction, reduced libido, and trouble achieving orgasm
- nausea
- reduced appetite
- insomnia
- drowsiness
- low energy
- increased sweating
- diarrhea
- constipation
- indigestion
- abdominal pain
- dizziness
- dry mouth
- headache
- mild allergic reaction†
Most of these side effects should subside within a few days to a couple of weeks. However, if they become more severe or persist, reach out to your doctor or pharmacist.
Serious Side Effects
Serious side effects from Escitalopram are rare, but they can happen. Notify your doctor immediately if you experience serious side effects. Call 911 or your local emergency number if your symptoms feel life-threatening or if you believe you're experiencing a medical emergency.
Serious side effects and their symptoms can include:
- Mania (an extreme state of energy and mood that affects behavior). Symptoms can include:
- severe trouble sleeping
- racing thoughts
- talking more or faster than usual
- excessive excitement, happiness, or activity
- impulsive or reckless behavior
- Serotonin Syndrome (a dangerous condition caused by an excess of serotonin in the body). Symptoms can include:
- dizziness
- fast heart rate
- sweating or flushing
- increased body temperature
- tremor or twitching
- diarrhea, nausea, or vomiting
- agitation (feelings of distress)
- hallucinations (seeing or hearing things that aren't real)
- Hyponatremia (low levels of sodium in the blood). Symptoms can include:
- headache
- concentration or memory problems
- confusion
- weakness
- unsteadiness
- Increased risk of bleeding. Symptoms can include:
- bruising easily
- nosebleeds
- bleeding gums
- vomiting blood or substance that resembles coffee grounds
- passing black, bloody, or tar-like stools
- Closed-angle glaucoma (sudden increase in eye pressure). Symptoms can include:
- eye pain or redness
- seeing haloes around lights
- blurred vision
- sudden, severe headache
- nausea
- Seizures. Symptoms can include:
- falling to the floor and shaking
- repetitive jerking movements
- loss of consciousness
- Risk of suicidal thoughts and behaviors in certain individuals.*
- Severe allergic reaction.†
Side Effects in Children
Escitalopram is used to treat depression in kids aged 12 years and above.
Side effects in children who have used Escitalopram are generally similar to those reported in adults. Examples of these are listed above. Additional side effects reported in children who took Escitalopram in clinical trials include:
- back pain
- urinary tract infection (UTI)
- vomiting
- nasal congestion
Seldom does Lexapro therapy amplify the chance of harboring suicidal thoughts and actions in children.* This risk might peak at its highest during the early stages of therapy or following dosage adjustments.
In case you've given Lexapro to your child and have concerns about potential side effects, share your concerns with your doctor. They can provide guidance on how to address side effects and identify which ones necessitate a medical follow-up.
Assistance is readily available
If you, or someone else you know, are grappling with suicidal thoughts or self-harm, engage with the resources below for support:
- Ring or text the 988 Lifeline at 988 or drop by 988lifeline.org. Trained counselors stand ready to lend an ear and offer free and confidential assistance round-the-clock.
- Text 'HOME' to the Crisis Text Line at 741741 to connect with a volunteer crisis counselor for free and confidential assistance 24/7.
- Not based in the United States? Locate a helpline in your country through Befrienders Worldwide.
- Contact 911 or your local emergency services number if you feel secure to do so.
If you're addressing this on someone else's behalf, stay by their side until help arrives. If possible, remove potentially harmful objects or substances.
If you're not residing in the same household, maintain contact until help arrives.
Side effects in men compared to women
Generally, Lexapro can yield comparable side effects in both males and females. However, it can lead to sexual side effects that might vary slightly between the sexes.
In the course of clinical trials, males reported:
- complications with ejaculation, such as delayed ejaculation or being incapable of ejaculation
- diminished libido
- erectile dysfunction
Females reported:
- diminished libido
- challenges in reaching orgasm or being incapable of reaching orgasm
Sexual side effects tended to outnumber females in males who took the medication. Interestingly, ejaculation problems emerged as one of the most prevalent side effects associated with Lexapro.
It's worth noting that sexual problems, such as those cited above, might also be related to the mental health conditions that Lexapro addresses (refer to the "Lexapro uses" section below for more information).
In the event that you encounter new or exacerbated sexual problems while taking Lexapro, consult your doctor. They might suggest strategies to manage these issues or recommend shifting to an alternative treatment for your condition.
Allergic reaction
As with many medications, some individuals can develop an allergic reaction following Lexapro consumption. This side effect was not observed during clinical trials. However, it has manifested since the drug's approval.
Symptoms of a mild allergic reaction can encompass:
- a rash on the skin
- itching
- flushing
The likelihood of a more severe allergic reaction is uncommon. Nonetheless, it's plausible. Symptoms of a severe allergic reaction can include:
- swelling underneath your skin, typically around the eyes, lips, hands, or feet
- swelling of your tongue, mouth, or throat
- difficulty breathing
Contact your doctor instantly if you experience an allergic reaction to Lexapro. Consider reaching out to 911 or your local emergency number if you believe your symptoms are life-threatening or signify a medical emergency.
Lexapro dosage
The Lexapro dosage prescribed by your doctor will depend on various factors. These may include:
- the ailment you're using Lexapro to treat
- your age
- your liver function
- any other medical conditions you might have
Usually, your doctor will initiate your treatment with a low dosage, gradually adjusting it over time to find the optimal dosage for you. Your doctor will ultimately recommend the smallest dosage that delivers the desired impact.
The following information outlines dosages that are frequently used or recommended. Ensure you follow the dosage prescribed to you by your doctor. Your doctor will tailor the correct dosage to your specific needs.
Drug forms
Lexapro is available in the form of oral tablets.
Drug strengths (5 mg, 10 mg, 20 mg)
Lexapro comes in three strengths:
- 5 milligrams (mg)
- 10 mg
- 20 mg
Dosage for major depressive disorder
The typical dosage of Lexapro for major depressive disorder (also known as depression) in adults is 10 mg once per day.
In certain situations, your doctor may increase your dosage to 20 mg once per day. This represents the maximum dosage suggested for depression. If your doctor increases your dosage, they will likely do so after you have been taking Lexapro for at least a week.
What to expect when increasing your Lexapro dosage
If your doctor increases your Lexapro dosage, you may experience an enhanced risk of side effects.
In a clinical trial, certain side effects were approximately twice as common in individuals who took a 20-mg dose compared to those who took a 10-mg dose. These side effects included trouble sleeping, diarrhea, dry mouth, drowsiness, dizziness, and increased sweating. Most of these side effects may subside within a few days to a couple of weeks. However, if they worsen or persist, speak with your doctor or pharmacist.
If you're under 25 years old, dosage increases might exacerbate your risk of suicidal thoughts and behaviors. Lexapro carries a warning related to this side effect from the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). To learn more, consult the "Lexapro precautions" section below.
In a particular research study, a 20-mg dose of this medication wasn't proven to be more advantageous than a 10-mg dose in managing depression for adult individuals.
Consider not escalating your Lexapro dosage unless your healthcare provider suggests it. If your doctor does recommend an increase, discuss the appropriateness of this decision with them.
Dosage for anxiety disorders in adults
The standard Lexapro dosage for adult patients struggling with common anxiety disorders (GAD) is a 10-mg dose given once daily.
Under specific circumstances, your doctor may elevate your dosage to 20 mg daily. This is the maximum dosage recommended for GAD. Your doctor might choose to advance your dosage after you have been taking Lexapro for at least a week.
Children's dosage
Lexapro is approved to assist in treating major depressive disorder in children ages 12 and beyond.
The typical Lexapro dosage for this purpose is a 10-mg dose given once daily.
In certain instances, your child's doctor may raise their dosage to 20 mg daily. This is the maximum dosage recommended for depression. If your child's doctor increases their dosage, they likely will do so after your child has been administering Lexapro for at least three weeks.
Missed dose
If you overlook a dose, take the missed dose as soon as possible, unless it's almost time for your following dose. In this event, forego the missed dose and stick to your routine dosage schedule.
Do not take two doses at the same time to compensate for a missed dose. Additionally, refrain from taking extra doses to correct for missed doses.
Consider employing a medication reminder to avoid missing a dose. This could take the form of setting an alarm or utilizing a timer. Alternatively, you could download a reminder app on your smartphone.
Long-term use
Lexapro is intended for long-term treatment if it is deemed safe and effective by you and your doctor.
Continuing Lexapro use beyond alleviation of symptoms can help prevent a relapse. For instance, if you're dealing with depression, current guidelines recommend at least six months of antidepressant use following symptom resolution. This effectively reduces the likelihood of depression symptoms reappearing.
If you have GAD, current guidelines suggest at least six to twelve months of antidepressant use following symptom relief. This decreases the likelihood of GAD symptoms resurfacing.
If you have questions about your length of Lexapro use, consult your doctor.
Alternatives to Lexapro
Lexapro is a class of antidepressant known as a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI). There are other medications available to manage your condition. Some may be more suitable for you than others. If you're interested in exploring alternative treatments, discuss your options with your doctor. They can provide insights into other medications that might work well for you.
Note: Some of these drugs are prescribed on an "off-label" basis to address these specific conditions. Off-label drug use involves utilizing a drug that's been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for purposes not explicitly listed in its approval.
Alternatives for major depressive disorder
Possible alternatives for managing major depressive disorder (MDD, or depression) include:
- other SSRI antidepressants, such as:
- citalopram (Celexa)
- fluoxetine (Prozac)
- paroxetine (Paxil)
- sertraline (Zoloft)
- serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI) antidepressants, such as:
- desvenlafaxine (Pristiq)
- duloxetine (Cymbalta)
- venlafaxine (Effexor XR, Wellbutrin XL, Wellbutrin SR)
- tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs), such as:
- amitriptyline
- clomipramine (Anafranil)
- imipramine (Tofranil)
- nortriptyline (Pamelor)
- other antidepressants, such as:
- bupropion (Wellbutrin)
- maprotiline
- mirtazapine (Remeron)
- trazodone
- vilazodone (Viibryd)
- antipsychotics, such as:
- aripiprazole (Abilify)
- olanzapine and fluoxetine (Symbyax)
- quetiapine (Seroquel)
- Various SSRI antidepressants, such as:
- escitalopram (Lexapro)
- citalopram (Celexa)
- fluoxetine (Prozac)
- paroxetine (Paxil)
- sertraline (Zoloft)
- etc.
- SNRI antidepressants, like:
- duloxetine (Cymbalta)
- venlafaxine (Effexor)
- Tricyclic antidepressants (TCA), such as:
- amitriptyline
- imipramine (Tofranil)
- nortriptyline (Pamelor)
- Benzodiazepines, for instance:
- alprazolam (Xanax)
- clonazepam (Klonopin)
- diazepam (Valium)
- lorazepam (Ativan)
- Buspirone (Buspar)
- Pregabalin (Lyrica)
- quetiapine (Seroquel)
Uses of Lexapro
The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) endorses prescription drugs like Lexapro to treat certain conditions. Lexapro may also be prescribed for other conditions off-label. Off-label drug use is when a FDA-approved drug is used for a purpose other than what it was approved for.
Lexapro for major depressive disorder (depression)
Lexapro is FDA-approved to treat major depressive disorder (also known as depression) in adults and children 12 years and older.
Major depressive disorder explained
Major depressive disorder is a mental health condition that causes persistent feelings of intense sadness and desolation. It can affect your thoughts and behavior and may also cause physical symptoms, including sleep problems and loss of energy. This condition can significantly impact your daily life and personal relationships.
The symptoms of major depressive disorder may include:
- feelings of sadness, melancholy, or pessimism that don't fade away
- trouble concentrating
- low energy
- irritability
- anxiety
- loss of interest in activities you once enjoyed
- eating more or less than usual
- sleep difficulties, such as struggles with falling or staying asleep, or waking earlier than usual
- suicidal thoughts*
Effectiveness for major depressive disorder
Lexapro is an effective treatment for major depressive disorder. To find out how the drug performed in clinical trials, refer to Lexapro’s prescribing information.
Current guidelines suggest selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) antidepressants as one of the first drug treatment options for major depressive disorder. Lexapro is an SSRI.
Lexapro for generalized anxiety disorder
Lexapro is FDA-approved to treat generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) in adults.
Generalized anxiety disorder explained
GAD is an anxiety disorder that leads to excessive or uncontrollable worry or fear. These worries are difficult to manage, often resulting in physical symptoms. This condition can have a significant impact on your daily life and relationships.
The symptoms of GAD may include:
- excessive and persistent worries or fears that don't go away
- unwanted thoughts
- feelings of restlessness, nervousness, or edginess
- sleep problems, such as trouble falling or staying asleep, restlessness, or lack of refreshing sleep
- feeling tired, worn out, or lacking energy
- irritability
- trouble concentrating
- heart palpitations
- nausea
- diarrhea
Treatment for GAD may include psychotherapy and an SSRI or serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI) antidepressant medication. Lexapro is an SSRI antidepressant. It's meant to ease or relieve the symptoms of GAD.
To learn more about generalized anxiety disorder, visit our anxiety hub.
Effectiveness for GAD
Lexapro is an effective treatment for GAD. To find out how the drug performed in clinical trials, refer to Lexapro’s prescribing information.
Guidelines recommend SSRI antidepressants as one of the first drug treatment options for GAD. Lexapro is an SSRI.
Lexapro and children
Lexapro is FDA-approved to treat major depressive disorder in children 12 years and older. To learn more about this use, see “Lexapro for major depressive disorder (depression)” just above.
Lexapro is not approved to treat GAD in children.
Lexapro use with other drugs
Your doctor may prescribe Lexapro along with other drugs to treat your condition. For example, if you have severe sleep problems or anxiety, your doctor may recommend taking a benzodiazepine. This would be for a short period of time to help ease those symptoms.
Examples of benzodiazepines include:
- alprazolam (Xanax)
- clonazepam (Klonopin)
- diazepam (Valium)
- lorazepam (Ativan)
If you have questions about taking Lexapro with other drugs, talk to your doctor.
Common questions about Lexapro
Here are answers to some frequently asked questions about Lexapro.
Is Lexapro prescribed for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)?
presumably, you're asking for a paraphrased version of a text discussing Lexapro, an antidepressant medication, and its usage, interaction with other drugs, and withdrawal symptoms. Here's a version with similar meaning, yet different words:
Likely not. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) hasn't authorized Lexapro for dealing with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Nevertheless, physicians might prescribe it in an off-label manner for this purpose. Off-label drug utilization refers to when a medication, sanctioned by the FDA, is prescribed for a purpose other than its original approval.
Lexapro belongs to the category of antidepressants called selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). Medical guidelines recommend SSRI as the first drug treatment choice for OCD. The FDA has given approval to specific other SSRIs for treating OCD. Some examples include fluoxetine (Prozac), paroxetine (Paxil), and sertraline (Zoloft). However, if your doctor suggests that one of these isn't suitable for you, they might suggest Lexapro instead.
For further information on using Lexapro for OCD, discuss with your physician.
What can I anticipate when stopping or “coming off” Lexapro?
Cessation of Lexapro might result in withdrawal symptoms if you suddenly stop administering the drug. Withdrawal symptoms involve uncomfortable side effects after discontinuing a medication.
Examples of withdrawal symptoms include:
- trouble sleeping
- dizziness
- headache
- tingling, burning, or electrical shock sensations
- irritability
- feelings of agitation (distress)
- anxiety
- mood swings
- confusion
To evade withdrawal symptoms, avoid abruptly ceasing the use of Lexapro. If you and your doctor concur on discontinuing treatment with this medication, you'll cease using the drug gradually. Your doctor will inform you how to accomplish this.
For instance, they might gradually decrease your daily dosage. Then, when you're on the lowest possible daily dosage, they might suggest taking a dose every other day rather than every day. (For additional info on dosage, see the “Lexapro dosage” section above.)
If you experience withdrawal symptoms when ceasing Lexapro, speak with your doctor. They might recommend raising your dosage again. Then, they'll lower it more gradually.
Is Lexapro addictive?
No, Lexapro isn't addictive when used as prescribed to manage a mental health condition. It's possible to experience withdrawal symptoms when you stop taking it. However, this isn't due to addiction. Withdrawal symptoms aren't always associated with addiction.
If you become addicted to a drug, you feel powerless to cope without it. You may go to great lengths to secure a supply of it. And you may take higher and higher doses.
As with many drugs that affect your brain, misusing Lexapro might lead to addiction. Misuse refers to using a drug in a manner not prescribed by a doctor. However, Lexapro has a low potential for misuse. And taking it doesn't result in a "high."
If you have concerns about your Lexapro treatment, talk with your doctor.
Is Lexapro a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) or an antidepressant?
No, Lexapro isn't a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI). Rather, it is an antidepressant.
MAOIs are a category of drugs that work differently than Lexapro. Some MAOIs are used to treat depression. Lexapro belongs to a category of antidepressants called SSRIs. (To learn more, see the “How Lexapro works” section below.)
It's crucial to note that you should not take MAOIs alongside Lexapro. Combining these two drugs can result in drug interactions. For more details, see the “Lexapro interactions” section below.
If you have questions about MAOIs or other antidepressants, talk with your doctor.
Does Lexapro interact with Benadryl?
No, it's unlikely. Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) is a medication commonly used to treat allergies. It's a type of drug called a sedating antihistamine. Lexapro has not been reported to interact with diphenhydramine.
However, diphenhydramine can cause drowsiness. Lexapro may also cause drowsiness. So if you feel drowsy while taking Lexapro, taking diphenhydramine as well could make you feel even more drowsy.
To learn more about drugs that can interact with Lexapro, see the “Lexapro interactions” section below.
Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs). Using Lexapro together with MAOIs can result in serotonin syndrome. Examples of MAOI drugs include: + MAOI antidepressants such as phenelzine (Nardil), isocarboxazid (Marplan), tranylcypromine (Parnate), and selegiline (Emsam) + linezolid (Zyvox), which is an antibiotic + methylene blue (ProvayBlue), which is a blood disorder treatment* Pimozide. This drug falls under the category of antipsychotics. Pimozide is associated with an increased risk of a serious heart condition named long QT syndrome when taken with citalopram. The connection between Lexapro and pimozide causing this condition is not well-established. Therefore, medical professionals usually avoid prescribing Lexapro with pimozide.
Other medications that may interact with Lexapro
Medications that can affect Lexapro include:
- Serotonergic drugs. These medications boost the amount of a substance called serotonin in your body. The combination of Lexapro with these drugs increases the risk of serotonin syndrome.* Examples of serotonergic drugs include:
- selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor antidepressants other than Lexapro, such as paroxetine (Paxil, Pexeva), fluoxetine (Prozac), or citalopram (Celexa)
- serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor antidepressants, such as duloxetine (Cymbalta), desvenlafaxine (Pristiq), or venlafaxine (Effexor)
- tricyclic antidepressants, such as amitriptyline, clomipramine (Anafranil), or imipramine (Tofranil)
- triptan medications for migraine, such as eletriptan (Relpax), rizatriptan (Maxalt), or sumatriptan (Imitrex)
- certain opioid pain medications, such as tramadol (Conzip, Ultram) or fentanyl (Duragesic, Subsys, Actiq, others)
- certain antipsychotics, such as quetiapine (Seroquel)
- amphetamine or stimulant drugs, such as amphetamine/dextroamphetamine (Adderall, Mydayis), methylphenidate (Ritalin), or lisdexamfetamine (Vyvanse)
- buspirone (Buspar), a drug for anxiety
- lithium (Lithobid), a drug for bipolar disorder and depression
- Blood thinners. These medications are used to manage and prevent blood clots. The co-administration of Lexapro with blood thinners raises the risk of bleeding.* Examples of blood thinners include:
- apixaban (Eliquis)
- dabigatran (Pradaxa)
- rivaroxaban (Xarelto)
- warfarin (Jantoven)
- Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).NSAIDs are drugs that help reduce inflammation and alleviate pain. Using Lexapro together with NSAIDs increases the risk of bleeding.* Examples of NSAIDs include:
- aspirin
- diclofenac (Zorvolex, Zipsor)
- ibuprofen (Advil, Ibu-tab, Motrin)
- naproxen (Aleve, Naprosyn)
- Diuretics. These medications are used to manage fluid retention, high blood pressure, and heart failure. The combination of Lexapro with diuretics raises the risk of hyponatremia (low sodium levels in the blood).* Examples of diuretic drugs include:
- furosemide (Lasix)
- hydrochlorothiazide
- CYP2D6 substrates. These are medications that are metabolized by an enzyme (a type of protein) in the liver called CYP2D6. Lexapro may reduce the activity of CYP2D6. Therefore, using Lexapro in combination with these medications could lead to an increase in their levels in the body. This could amplify the risk of side effects from CYP2D6 substrates. Examples include:
- aripiprazole (Abilify)
- desipramine (Norpramin)
- dextromethorphan
- flecainide
- metoprolol (Lopressor, Toprol XL, others)
- propafenone (Rythmol SR)
- *Gabapentin* (Neurontin). Gabapentin is a medication utilized for seizures and certain types of nerve pain. The concurrent use of Lexapro with gabapentin may increase the risk of side effects from both medications. It may also diminish the effectiveness of gabapentin in controlling seizures.
Consuming certain herbs and supplements together with Lexapro can escalate the chance of serotonin syndrome. Due to this potential risk, your healthcare provider will likely suggest avoiding these herbs and supplements with Lexapro. Some examples include:
- St. John's wort, also known as Hypericum perforatum
- tryptophan
- 5-hydroxytryptophan
Should you be keen on consuming other herbs or supplements with Lexapro, it's advisable to first consult with your doctor or pharmacist.
Lexapro and foods
No specific foods have been reported to interact with Lexapro. If you have any concerns about consuming certain foods with Lexapro, please consult with your doctor.
Lexapro vs. Celexa
You may ponder how Lexapro stacks up against other drugs prescribed for similar purposes. To understand their comparison with Celexa, refer to this article.
How Lexapro works
Lexapro is employed to treat:
- major depressive disorder (also known as depression)
- generalized anxiety disorder
For more details about these uses, see the “Lexapro uses” section above.
What happens with depression and anxiety disorders
Medical professionals aren't entirely clear on what triggers depression or anxiety disorders. These mental health problems are most likely due to a complex interplay of various psychological, physical, hereditary, and social factors. These factors may result in changes in the different nerve pathways in your brain. These include pathways responsible for managing your emotions, mood, thoughts, and behavior.
What Lexapro does
Lexapro is a kind of antidepressant known as a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor. It operates by boosting the level of a neurotransmitter called serotonin in your brain.
Neurotransmitters are chemical substances in your body that facilitate communication between nerve cells. Serotonin transmits messages via various nerve pathways. These include pathways responsible for managing your emotions, mood, thoughts, behavior, and sleep patterns.
Although the exact mechanism is not fully understood, increasing serotonin in the brain may help to better manage nerve pathways involved in handling your mood, emotions, thoughts, and behavior.
How long does Lexapro take to work?
As with all antidepressants, it can take some time for Lexapro to take effect. The drug may begin showing results within the initial few weeks. During this period, you may notice improvements in your sleep, appetite, or energy levels. However, it may take at least 2 to 4 weeks before Lexapro starts enhancing your mood or alleviating anxiety symptoms.
It's crucial to continue taking Lexapro as prescribed, even if it seems like the symptoms aren't improving at first. If you feel like your condition is deteriorating during the first few weeks of treatment, consult with your doctor right away.
It's essential that you do not adjust your Lexapro dosage or stop taking the drug without your doctor's recommendation. This is because the drug can cause withdrawal symptoms. Withdrawal symptoms indicate uncomfortable side effects that occur after stopping a drug.
If you have concerns about whether Lexapro is working for you, discuss this with your doctor.
What is Lexapro’s half-life?
Lexapro has a half-life of 27 to 32 hours. A drug's half-life represents the amount of time it takes for your body to eliminate half a dose of the drug.
Typically, it takes about five half-lives for your body to eliminate a drug entirely. So, after stopping Lexapro, it may take 5 to 7 days before the drug is fully eliminated from your system. The exact time it takes will depend on factors such as your age, liver function, and kidney function.
If you have any questions regarding Lexapro’s half-life, consult with your doctor.
Lexapro overdose
Taking more than the recommended dosage of Lexapro can result in serious side effects, including inadvertently consuming too much. Do not consume more Lexapro than your doctor recommends.*
Overdose symptoms
Symptoms of an overdose may include:
- serotonin syndrome (a potentially dangerous condition caused by an excess of the chemical serotonin in your body)*^
- seizures
- irregular heart rhythm
- reduced consciousness
- coma
What to do in case of overdose
If you suspect that you have consumed an excessive amount of this drug, Contact your doctor. You can also contact the American Association of Poison Control Centers at 800-222-1222 or use its online tool. However, if your symptoms are severe, call 911 or your local emergency number, or go to the nearest emergency room right away.
Lexapro and alcohol
Lexapro isn’t known to interact with alcohol.
However, your doctor may recommend avoiding alcohol while taking Lexapro. Alcohol and Lexapro can each cause drowsiness as a side effect. Combining them might exacerbate this side effect. (To learn about the side effects of Lexapro, see the “Lexapro side effects” section above.)
Additionally, consuming alcohol can worsen symptoms of mental health conditions such as depression.
If you consume alcohol, discus with your doctor about how much, if any, is safe to consume while taking Lexapro.
If you consume Lexapro within the last 3 months of pregnancy, it might augment the chances of various issues in the newborn post-delivery. Some of these issues might necessitate hospitalization for treatment. These problems may include:
- feeding difficulties
- breathing issues
- challenges in maintaining body temperature
- hypoglycemia (low blood sugar levels)
- vomiting
- inflexible or rigid muscles
- tremors
- irritability
- excessive crying
- seizures
- persistent pulmonary hypertension (a severe heart and lung disorder)
It's essential to consider that ceasing Lexapro due to pregnancy might exacerbate or bring back your depression or anxiety symptoms. In certain situations, this could pose a more significant risk to the child than continuing Lexapro treatment during pregnancy.
If you're pregnant or planning to become so, discuss the potential advantages and disadvantages of taking Lexapro with your doctor. They can assist you in determining whether Lexapro is suitable for you.
If you become pregnant while taking Lexapro, refrain from abruptly stopping the medication. Doing so may cause withdrawal symptoms. Instead, consult your doctor immediately about the potential risks and benefits of continuing Lexapro during your pregnancy. If you and your doctor decide to cease the medication, they will instruct you on how to do so gradually to prevent withdrawal symptoms.
If you opt to take Lexapro during pregnancy, discuss enrolling in the National Pregnancy Registry for Antidepressants with your doctor. This registry gathers health information about pregnant individuals who take antidepressants and the effects these drugs may have on their children, aiming to provide information about the safety of antidepressants during pregnancy.
Lexapro and birth control
Lexapro may have potentially harmful effects on a child if taken during pregnancy. If you're sexually active and can become pregnant, consult your doctor regarding your birth control needs while on Lexapro.
For more information about taking Lexapro during pregnancy, see the “Lexapro and pregnancy” section above.
Lexapro and breastfeeding
The safety of taking Lexapro while breastfeeding is unknown. The drug can be transmitted through breast milk. In several reports, children who were exposed to the drug through breast milk displayed side effects such as:
- excessive sleepiness
- restlessness or agitation (feelings of distress)
- difficulty feeding
- reduced weight gain
If you're breastfeeding or planning to breastfeed, consult your doctor about the best feeding methods while taking Lexapro.
If you decide to breastfeed during Lexapro treatment, ensure to monitor your child for potential side effects. Consult your doctor if your child develops any of the symptoms listed above.
Lexapro cost
The cost of Lexapro can vary, depending on your insurance plan, location, and the pharmacy you use.
Keep in mind that you might be eligible for a 90-day supply of Lexapro. If approved by your insurance company, obtaining a 90-day supply of the drug could reduce your pharmacy visits and help lower the cost. If you're interested in this option, inquire with your doctor, pharmacist, or insurance company.
Prior authorization may be required by your insurance company before approving coverage for Lexapro. This means that your doctor and insurance company will need to communicate about your prescription before the insurance company will cover the drug. The insurance company will review the prior authorization request and decide whether the drug will be covered.
If you're unsure whether you'll need to get prior authorization for Lexapro, contact your insurance company.
To learn more about saving money on prescriptions, refer to this article.
Mail-order pharmacies
Lexapro may be available through a mail-order pharmacy. Using this service could help lower the drug's cost and enable you to obtain your medication without leaving home.
If recommended by your doctor, you might be able to receive a 90-day supply of Lexapro, reducing concerns about running out of the medication. If you're interested in this option, consult with your doctor, pharmacist, or insurance company. Some Medicare plans may assist in covering the cost of mail-order medications.
If you don't have insurance, you can ask your doctor or pharmacist about online pharmacy options.
Generic version
Lexapro is available in a generic version known as escitalopram. A generic drug is an exact duplicate of the active ingredient in a brand-name medication. The generic is considered to be as safe and effective as the original drug. Generics generally cost less than brand-name drugs. To learn how the cost of escitalopram compares to the cost of Lexapro, talk with your doctor or pharmacist.
If your doctor has prescribed Lexapro and you're interested in taking escitalopram instead, discuss this with your doctor. They may have a preference for one version or the other. Additionally, check your insurance plan, as it may only cover one or the other.
Swallowing Lexapro involves ingesting a tablet formulation.
Timing of intake
You'll take Lexapro once daily. It can be taken in the morning or evening, with consistency being key. Adhering to a particular time schedule assists in maintaining a constant drug level in your body, ensuring that Lexapro functions optimally.
To ensure you don't miss a dose, consider using a drug reminder. This can involve setting an alarm, utilizing a timer, or downloading a medication tracking app on your smartphone.
Readable Prescription Labels and Containers
In the event that your prescription label is illegible, engage your doctor or pharmacist in a discussion. Some pharmacies offer prescription labels with large print, Braille, or QR codes that allow medication information to be converted into audio format by scanning the code using a smartphone. If your local pharmacy does not provide such options, your doctor or pharmacist may be able to direct you to one that does.
If you struggle with opening medication bottles, consult your pharmacist to see if they can transfer Lexapro into an easily-openable container. They may also be able to suggest tools that can simplify bottle opening.
Lexapro and Food
Lexapro can be consumed with or without food.
Crushing, Splitting, or Chewing Lexapro Tablets
Some Lexapro tablets, such as the 10mg and 20mg varieties, can be split in half upon your doctor's recommendation. The 5mg tablets, however, are not designed for splitting. Lexapro can also be crushed or chewed, although the medication may have a bitter taste.
If you find it difficult to swallow Lexapro tablets, consult your doctor. They may recommend switching to escitalopram solution, a generic medication (Lexapro is a brand-name drug with the active ingredient escitalopram, which comes in two oral forms: a tablet and a solution).
Lexapro Precautions
Lexapro carries various precautions, including drug-condition interactions.
FDA Warning: Suicidal Thoughts and Behaviors in Certain Individuals
This drug carries a black box warning from the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), which is the most serious caution label. This warning alerts both doctors and patients to the potential harmful effects of the drug.
Clinical trials have demonstrated that antidepressants including Lexapro may increase the risk of suicidal thoughts and behaviors in certain individuals under the age of 25. This risk is highest within the first few weeks of treatment and while dosage is being adjusted. Lexapro is not recommended for use in children under the age of 12.
While taking Lexapro, monitor changes in your mood, emotions, thoughts, and behavior. Family members or friends might also find it helpful to observe these changes. In the case of a child taking Lexapro, parents ought to be on the lookout for such changes.
If you or a child taking Lexapro experience:
- new or worsening depression or anxiety
- new or worsening irritability or aggression
- agitation, restlessness, or feeling unable to remain still
- new or worsening trouble sleeping
- extreme levels of excitement and activity, or rapid speech
- impulsive or hazardous behavior
- new or increased thoughts about suicide
- any other changes in mood, emotions, thoughts, or behaviors
please contact your doctor immediately.
Other Precautions
Prior to taking Lexapro, disclose your medical history to your doctor. Lexapro may not be suitable for individuals with certain medical conditions or factors that impact their health. These include:
Allergic Reaction. If you have had an allergic reaction to Lexapro, any of its components, or the related antidepressant citalopram (Celexa), your doctor may not prescribe Lexapro. Explore suitable alternative medications with your doctor.
Bipolar Disorder or Mania. Lexapro may sometimes induce manic episodes. In individuals suffering from bipolar disorder, taking Lexapro may escalate the risk of having a manic episode. Before commencing Lexapro treatment, discuss any mental health issues you or your family have experienced in the past with your doctor. This will aid your doctor in determining whether Lexapro is safe for you.
Seizure Disorders. Lexapro may lead to seizures. If you have a seizure disorder, like epilepsy, Lexapro may exacerbate your condition. Consult your doctor regarding the suitability of Lexapro for you.
Low Sodium Level. Lexapro may at times lower the sodium level in your blood. If you already have low sodium, Lexapro may worsen this condition. Older individuals (65 years and above) may have an elevated risk of low sodium with Lexapro.
You may increase your risk of low sodium while on Lexapro due to conditions such as vomiting, diarrhea, taking diuretic medications, and insufficient water intake. If you have an increased risk of low sodium, your doctor may order blood tests to monitor your sodium level during Lexapro treatment.
Liver complications. Your liver is responsible for metabolizing Lexapro. If you have liver issues, Lexapro might accumulate in your system, increasing the likelihood of adverse effects. Due to this risk, your medical professional will likely prescribe a lower-than-typical dose of Lexapro.
Risk of narrow-angle glaucoma. Lexapro might in some instances cause narrow-angle glaucoma, or a sudden surge in eye pressure. You may be at a higher risk of this side effect if you were born with narrower-than-normal eye angles. If unsure about your eye angle width, chat with your doctor. They may suggest an eye examination before commencing Lexapro use.
Cardiac problems. Rarely, Lexapro could induce an irregular heart rhythm known as long QT syndrome. If you have cardiovascular concerns, discuss with your doctor whether Lexapro is a suitable choice for you.
Pregnancy. Lexapro might affect an unborn child adversely if taken during pregnancy. For further information, see the "Lexapro and pregnancy" segment above.
Lactation. Lexapro could pass into breast milk and potentially result in side effects for a nursing infant. For more details, see the "Lexapro and lactation" section above.
Note: For a comprehensive overview of Lexapro's potential negative impacts, refer to the "Lexapro side effects" section above.
Lexapro expiration, storage, and disposal guidelines
Upon receiving Lexapro from your pharmacy, the pharmacist will affix an expiration date to the prescription bottle's label. Normally, this date is 1 year from the medication's dispensation.
The expiration date ensures the medication's efficacy during that period. The FDA recommends avoiding using expired medications. If you have unused medication beyond the expiration date, consult your pharmacist to determine if you might still be able to use it.
Storage directions
Medication shelf life varies depending on storage conditions.
Lexapro tablets should be kept at room temperature within a tightly sealed container. Shelve this medication in places where it won't get damp, like bathrooms.
Disposal advice
If you no longer need to consume Lexapro and have surplus medication, disposing of it safely is crucial. This helps prevent accidental ingestion by kids and pets and safeguards the environment.
This article proposes numerous helpful disposal tips. You may also consult your pharmacist for disposal guidance related to your medication.
Disclaimer:Medical News Today endeavors to ensure that all information is accurate, complete, and up-to-date. This article should not substitute expert medical advice. Always consult your physician or healthcare professional before starting any medication. The drug information contained herein is subject to change and is not intended to cover all possible uses, instructions, precautions, warnings, drug interactions, allergic reactions, or side effects. The absence of warnings or other information for a given drug does not suggest that the drug or drug combination is safe, effective, or appropriate for all patients or specific uses.
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