Various stomach ailments: What kinds of ailments can affect the stomach?
Viral gastroenteritis, a common illness affecting infants and young children, is caused by viruses such as rotavirus and sapovirus. These viruses, members of the Reoviridae and Caliciviridae families respectively, are responsible for causing viral gastroenteritis, also known as stomach bugs [1][3][5].
The symptoms of viral gastroenteritis include watery diarrhea, nausea and vomiting, headache, and fever. In severe cases, dehydration can occur, leading to symptoms such as fatigue, thirst, lightheadedness, urinating less than typical, and dark-colored urine [1][3][5].
To recover from viral gastroenteritis, it is crucial to maintain hydration by drinking water and oral rehydration solutions to help replace electrolytes. Over-the-counter (OTC) options such as loperamide (Imodium) and bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto Bismol) may help to relieve symptoms [1][3][5].
Prevention methods include thorough hand washing with soap and water after using the bathroom and at regular intervals. It is also important to avoid consuming foods or beverages containing viruses or touching surfaces with viruses on and then touching the mouth [1][3][5].
It is noteworthy that viruses are not the only causes of gastroenteritis. Common bacteria such as Salmonella, Campylobacter, Escherichia coli (E. coli), Shigella, Clostridioides difficile, and Staphylococci can also cause gastroenteritis, typically transmitted through contaminated or undercooked food, water, or contact with infected surfaces [1][3][5].
Parasites such as Giardia, Cryptosporidium, Entamoeba (causing amebiasis), and Cyclospora can also cause gastroenteritis, often contracted via contaminated water sources or contact with infected animals [1][3][5].
In addition to viruses, bacteria, and parasites, other pathogens, chemicals, and medications can also cause gastroenteritis. Food poisoning, a type of gastroenteritis, can result from consuming food containing certain bacteria [1][3][5].
Adenovirus, a member of the Adenoviridae family, can cause various illnesses, including acute gastroenteritis, while astrovirus, a member of the Astroviridae family, more commonly affects children and is also a common cause of viral gastroenteritis in adults and older adults, as well as immunocompromised individuals [1][3][5].
It is essential to note that some OTC treatments may not be safe for children, and caregivers should discuss treatment options with a doctor. Children should continue to drink formula or breast milk if it is part of their everyday routine while experiencing viral gastroenteritis [1][3][5].
Reference(s): [1] Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2021). Gastroenteritis. https://www.cdc.gov/gastro/index.html [3] Mayo Clinic. (2021). Gastroenteritis. https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/gastroenteritis/symptoms-causes/syc-20374783 [5] World Health Organization. (2021). Gastroenteritis. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/gastroenteritis
- To ensure overall health and wellness, a proper understanding of nutrition, particularly in relation to food and food benefits, is essential for preventing and managing medical conditions like gastroenteritis, which can be caused by viruses, bacteria, parasites, and other pathogens.
- In line with the science of health and wellness, it is crucial to stay informed about various pathogens and their impacts on our bodies, such as viral gastroenteritis, to make informed decisions about food consumption and hygiene practices for personal and familial welfare.
